There is a continuum between various sorts of non-singing vocal techniques, various kinds of declamations, found both in classical music and popular genres. Any vocal performance of the text is already musical, but it often forms part of a musical work, with "background" instrumentation. So you can have music + singing, music + speaking / performative declamations or: performative declamations without other music, music without words, to accompany dance or pantomime... Any combination of voice and instrument, or either alone, is possible,
So, what this means is that the paradigm of song (words sung to music) is far too narrow. That's just one kind of work. An opera can use spoken dialogue, recitative, aria, and also purely instrumental interludes. There's a Lorca / Coltrane ballet, with a ballet to Coltrane's music pantomiming the action of Bernarda Alba. Coltrane wasn't setting Lorca to music when he recorded this track.
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